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Road potholes are a common urban infrastructure problem that can affect road safety, vehicle conditions and municipal maintenance efficiency. Conventional monitoring often relies on public complaints and physical inspections, which may result in delayed detection and inaccurate location information.

Smart Pothole Guardian is an AI-IoT based road damage detection and monitoring system designed to support proactive road maintenance. The system integrates an IoT impact sensor, Edge AI camera and GPS tracker to detect significant road impacts, capture visual evidence, identify locations and classify road damage into four severity levels. A centralised web-based dashboard supports damage monitoring and maintenance prioritisation.

A Proof-of-Concept prototype was developed using low-cost components, including an ESP32 microcontroller, MPU6050 impact sensor and NEO-6M GPS module, with a total prototype cost of RM88. The proposed innovation aims to reduce reliance on manual reporting, improve road damage information and support more efficient maintenance decision-making. Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia is proposed as a pilot application context for future implementation and evaluation.

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