TR194: TerraCarb: Transforming Steel Waste Into Carbon-Negative Infrastructure

Umi Rukiah Binti Abdullah Universiti Putra Malaysia

The construction industry relies heavily on carbon-intensive cement, while steel production generates large volumes of slag waste. TerraCarb addresses both challenges by converting steel slag into a lower-carbon soil stabilizer through accelerated mineral carbonation. Its key innovation is a crystal-reinforced soil matrix, where CO2 is converted into stable carbonate minerals that form interlocking, needle-shaped crystals, strengthening soil particle bonding. TerraCarb achieved a 28-day compressive strength of 47.1 MPa and produced up to 959.6 g carbonate per kg of slag. Validated by SEM-EDX, XRD, and TGA, the technology offers applications in road bases, slope stabilization, and eco-friendly construction, supporting circular economy principles and sustainable infrastructure.