Virtual Booth

SMART FLOOD MONITORING AND EARLY WARNING SYSTEM USING IOT

Abstract

Floods are among the most frequent natural disasters that occur in many parts of the world, particularly in tropical countries such as Malaysia. Heavy rainfall, overflowing rivers, poor drainage systems and rapid urban development contribute significantly to the increasing number of flood incidents each year. Floods not only cause severe damage to property and infrastructure but also threaten human lives, disrupt transportation, and negatively affect economic activities. In many situations, communities receive flood warnings too late, resulting in insufficient time to prepare or evacuate. Conventional flood monitoring methods mainly rely on manual observation by authorities or residents, making them inefficient during sudden weather changes. Since water levels can rise rapidly, especially during continuous rainfall, manual monitoring often fails to provide timely information for early decision-making. Furthermore, people living near rivers usually have no access to real-time information regarding current water levels or surrounding environmental conditions when they are away from the location. With the advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, flood monitoring can now be performed automatically and in real time. This project develops a Smart IoT-Based Flood Monitoring System using an ESP32 microcontroller, an SN-SR04T waterproof ultrasonic sensor and a DHT22 sensor. The system transmits data to a web-based dashboard, enabling users and local authorities to remotely monitor water levels, environmental conditions and flood status in real time. To further improve public safety, the system is equipped with LED indicators and a buzzer that automatically activate whenever dangerous water levels are detected, providing immediate on-site warnings to nearby communities. By integrating real-time sensing and cloud-based monitoring into a single platform, this project aims to provide a practical, affordable and efficient flood early warning solution that supports disaster preparedness and minimizes the impact of flooding.

Keywords: smart, flood, monitoring, IoT